_printf.c

#include "main.h"

/**
 * _printf - variadic function
 * @format: named parameter specification of format
 * Return: the number of characters printed
 */

int _printf(const char *format, ...)
{
	va_list args;
	int count;
	/* struct two dimensional array */
	fmt fmt_specs[] = {
		{'c', char_print}, {'s', string_print}, {'d', dec_print},
		{'i', int_print}, {'b', bin_print}, {'u', uint_print},
		{'o', oct_print}, {'x', hex_print}, {'X', cap_hex_print},
		{'S', str_hex_print}, {'p', ptr_print}, {'\0', NULL}
	};

	count = 0;
	va_start(args, format);

	if (format != NULL)
	{
		if (print_fmt(format, args, &count, fmt_specs) == -1)
			return (-1);
	}
	else
		return (-1);

	va_end(args);
	return (count);
}

/**
 * print_fmt - _printf function format printing check
 * @format: named parameter specification of format
 * @args: variable arguments list
 * @count: pointer to integer to store the count of characters printed
 * @fmt_specs: struct two dimensional array, typedefed to fmt
 * Return: the number of characters printed
 */

int print_fmt(const char *format, va_list args,
		int *count, fmt fmt_specs[])
{
	int i;
	char flag = '\0';
	char space = '\0';

	for (i = 0; format[i] != '\0'; i++)
	{
		if (format[i] != '%') /* check for fmt spec */
		{ _putchar(format[i]);
			(*count)++; }
		else /* start fmt spec */
		{
			i++; /* increment to next character after the % */
			/* check for flag characters */
			if (format[i] == '+' || format[i] == '-' || format[i] == '#')
			{ flag = format[i];
				i++;
				if (format[i] == ' ')
					i++;
			}
			else if (format[i] == ' ')
			{ space = format[i];
				i++;
				if (format[i] == '+' || format[i] == '-' || format[i] == '#')
				{ flag = format[i];
					i++; }
			} /* check standalone %, flag and if %, flag is the last char */
			if (format[i] == '\0')
				return (-1);
			/* search for corresponding conversion specifier */
			if (!handle_fmt_spec(format[i], args,
				count, fmt_specs, &flag, &space))
			{ _putchar('%');
				_putchar(format[i]);
				(*count) += 2;
			}
		}
	}
	return (0);
}

/**
 * handle_fmt_spec - search for corresponding conversion specifier
 * @fmt_char: the format specifier
 * @args: variable arguments list
 * @count: pointer to integer to store the count of characters printed
 * @fmt_specs: struct two dimensional array, typedefed to fmt
 * @flag: pointer to flag character
 * @space: pointer to space character
 * Return: true if conversion specifier is found and handled, false otherwise
 */

bool handle_fmt_spec(char fmt_char, va_list args, int *count,
		fmt fmt_specs[], char *flag, char *space)
{
	int j;

	if (fmt_char == '%') /* print a percent sign */
	{
		_putchar(fmt_char);
		(*count)++;
		return (true);
	}
	for (j = 0; fmt_specs[j].fmt_sign != '\0'; j++)
	{
		if (fmt_char == fmt_specs[j].fmt_sign) /* valid fmt handling */
		{
			fmt_specs[j].fmt_func_ptr(*flag, args, count, *space);
			return (true);
		}
	}
	return (false); /* invalid fmt handling */
}

/**
 * dec_print - decimal (base 10) printing function
 * @flag: flag characters for non-custom conversion specifiers
 * @args: variable argument list
 * @count: pointer to integer to store the count of characters printed
 * @space: space character for non-custom conversion specifiers
 * d - decimal (int) parameter passed
 */

void dec_print(char flag, va_list args, int *count, char space)
{
	int d, i, j, d_len;
	unsigned int num, abs_num;
	char *digits;

	d = va_arg(args, int);
	(d < 0) ? (abs_num = d * -1) : (abs_num = d);
	num = abs_num; /* hold the value of abs_num b4 passing it to count */
	/* count number of digits */
	d_len = 0;
	while (abs_num / 10 != 0)
	{ d_len++;
		abs_num = abs_num / 10; }
	d_len++;
	digits = malloc(sizeof(char) * (d_len + 1));
	if (digits == NULL)
		return;
	/* convert integer to string of digits */
	i = 0;
	while (num / 10 != 0)
	{ digits[i] = (num % 10) + '0';
		num = num / 10;
		i++; }
	digits[i] = (num % 10) + '0';
	/* print (flag), - if negative, + if positive, ' ' if space*/
	if (d < 0)
	{ _putchar('-');
		(*count)++; }
	else if (flag == '+')
	{ _putchar('+');
		(*count)++; }
	else if (space == ' ' && d >= 0)
	{ _putchar(' ');
		(*count)++; }
	/* print digits in reverse order */
	for (j = i; j >= 0; j--)
	{ _putchar(digits[j]);
		(*count)++; }
	free(digits);
}

/**
 * int_print - integer printing function
 * @args: variable argument list
 * @count: pointer to integer to store the count of characters printed
 * @flag: flag characters for non-custom conversion specifiers
 * @space: space character for non-custom conversion specifiers
 * i - integer (int) parameter to print
 */

void int_print(char flag, va_list args, int *count, char space)
{
	dec_print(flag, args, count, space);
}