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dbgeng.cpp
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/*++
This is the part of NGdbg kernel debugger
dngeng.cpp
This file contains general debug-engine routines.
Revision History:
24-Dec-2008 Great Fixed bug - ATTEMPTED_WRITE_TO_READ_ONLY_MEMORY bugcheck on 2003 R2 (DbgHookHalImports)
--*/
#include <ntifs.h>
#include "gui.h"
#include "dbgeng.h"
#include "ldasm.h"
#include "winnt.h"
PVOID
SetVector(
IN UCHAR Interrupt,
IN PVOID Handler,
IN BOOLEAN MakeValid
);
PVOID
GetVector(
IN UCHAR Interrupt
);
VOID
DelVector(
IN UCHAR Interrupt
);
PVOID FindImage (PWSTR);
PVOID *ppKiDispatchInterrupt;
VOID (NTAPI *KiDispatchInterrupt)();
BOOLEAN DbgEnteredDebugger;
struct DBGBP
{
BOOLEAN Free;
PVOID Address;
UCHAR OldByte;
};
KSPIN_LOCK DbgCcLock;
DBGBP DbgCcBreakpoints[MAX_BREAKPOINTS];
PVOID DbgExpectedSingleStep;
BOOLEAN MmIsSystemAddressAccessable (PVOID);
NTSTATUS
DbgAddCcBreakpoint(
IN PVOID Address,
OUT PULONG Number
)
/*++
Routine Description
This routine adds a 0xCC (INT3) breakpoint
Arguments
Address
virtual address of code
Number
receives breakpoint number or -1
Return Value
STATUS_SUCCESS on success, error status on failure
Enrivonment
Debugger active
--*/
{
NTSTATUS Status = STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES;
if (MmIsSystemAddressAccessable (Address) == FALSE)
{
return STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATION;
}
KIRQL Irql = KeGetCurrentIrql();
KdPrint(("Adding breakpoint (%X) at irql %x\n", Address, Irql));
if (Irql < DISPATCH_LEVEL)
KfRaiseIrql (DISPATCH_LEVEL);
KeAcquireSpinLockAtDpcLevel (&DbgCcLock);
*Number = -1;
for (ULONG i=0; i<MAX_BREAKPOINTS; i++)
{
if (DbgCcBreakpoints[i].Free == TRUE)
{
DbgCcBreakpoints[i].Free = FALSE;
DbgCcBreakpoints[i].Address = Address;
DbgCcBreakpoints[i].OldByte = *(UCHAR*)Address;
*(UCHAR*)Address = 0xCC;
Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
*Number = i;
KdPrint(("Added breakpoint #%x, oldbyte %x\n", i, DbgCcBreakpoints[i].OldByte));
break;
}
}
KeReleaseSpinLockFromDpcLevel (&DbgCcLock);
if (Irql < DISPATCH_LEVEL)
KfLowerIrql (Irql);
return Status;
}
VOID
DbgDelCcBreakpoint(
ULONG i
)
{
KIRQL Irql = KeGetCurrentIrql();
KdPrint(("Deleting breakpoint #%x at irql %x\n", i, Irql));
if (Irql < DISPATCH_LEVEL)
KfRaiseIrql (DISPATCH_LEVEL);
KeAcquireSpinLockAtDpcLevel (&DbgCcLock);
if (DbgCcBreakpoints[i].Free == FALSE)
{
ASSERT (MmIsSystemAddressAccessable (DbgCcBreakpoints[i].Address) == TRUE);
*(UCHAR*)DbgCcBreakpoints[i].Address = DbgCcBreakpoints[i].OldByte;
DbgCcBreakpoints[i].Free = TRUE;
}
KeReleaseSpinLockFromDpcLevel (&DbgCcLock);
if (Irql < DISPATCH_LEVEL)
KfLowerIrql (Irql);
}
PVOID
GetKernelAddress (
PWSTR Name
)
/*++
Routine Description
This routine lookups NT kernel's export function
by name.
It simply calls MmGetSystemRoutineAddress, so see
MmGetSystemRoutineAddress description in MSDN
Arguments
Name
Function name to be found
Return Value
Entry point to the function or NULL
Environment
This function is usually called at IRQL < DISPATCH_LEVEL
--*/
{
UNICODE_STRING uName;
RtlInitUnicodeString (&uName, Name);
return MmGetSystemRoutineAddress (&uName);
}
LONG DbgCanUnloadNow = 0;
__declspec(naked)
VOID
DbgDispatchInterrupt(
)
/*++
Routine Description
CALLBACK
This is the hook routine for KiDispatchInterrupt.
HAL's IAT (import address table) is hooked and
address of KiDispatchInterrupt is replaced by address
of this function.
HAL calls KiDispatchInterrupt generally in two cases:
HalpDipatchInterrupt
KiDispatchInterrupt
-> SwapContext
HalpClockInterrupt
KeUpdateSystemTime
HalEndSystemInterrupt
KiDispatchInterrupt
-> SwapContext
When debugger is active, dbgeng can sometimes enable
interrupts and current thread should NOT be swapped.
So we hook KiDispatchInterrupt and simply ignore this call
when debugger is active.
Arguments
None
Return Value
None
Environment
This routine is called generally from hal!HalpDispatchInterrupt or
hal!HalEndSystemInterrupt
--*/
{
__asm
{
pushad
}
InterlockedIncrement (&DbgCanUnloadNow);
if (DbgEnteredDebugger == FALSE)
{
__asm
{
popad
}
KiDispatchInterrupt ();
}
else
{
__asm
{
popad
}
}
InterlockedDecrement (&DbgCanUnloadNow);
__asm ret
}
//
// These routines hook or unhook HAL iat
//
VOID DbgUnhookHalImports()
{
KdPrint(("DbgUnhookHalImports: [%x] = %x, KI %x\n",
ppKiDispatchInterrupt,
*ppKiDispatchInterrupt,
KiDispatchInterrupt
));
*ppKiDispatchInterrupt = KiDispatchInterrupt;
KdPrint(("DbgUnhookHalImports: [%x] = %x\n",
ppKiDispatchInterrupt,
*ppKiDispatchInterrupt
));
KdPrint(("Waiting for unload\n"));
// while (InterlockedCompareExchange (&DbgCanUnloadNow,
// 0,
// 0) == 0)
for (;;)
{
LONG t = DbgCanUnloadNow;
if (t == 0)
break;
KdPrint(("[t=%d]", t));
KeStallExecutionProcessor (100);
}
KdPrint(("\nOkay to unload\n"));
}
NTSTATUS DbgHookHalImports()
{
PVOID pHal = FindImage (L"hal.dll");
NTSTATUS Status = STATUS_NOT_FOUND;
// Get hal headers
PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS HalNtHeaders = (PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS) RtlImageNtHeader (pHal);
ULONG IatSize = 0;
// Get hal import
PULONG Iat = (PULONG)
RtlImageDirectoryEntryToData( pHal, TRUE, IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IAT, &IatSize);
*(PVOID*)&KiDispatchInterrupt = GetKernelAddress (L"KiDispatchInterrupt");
KdPrint(("IAT = %X Size = %X\n", Iat, IatSize));
if (Iat == NULL)
{
return STATUS_INVALID_IMAGE_FORMAT;
}
for ( ULONG i=0; i < IatSize/4; i++ )
{
KdPrint(("Function = %X\n", Iat[i]));
if (Iat[i] == (ULONG)KiDispatchInterrupt)
{
KdPrint(("Found KiDispatchInterrupt\n"));
ppKiDispatchInterrupt = (PVOID*) &Iat[i];
*(ULONG*)&KiDispatchInterrupt = Iat[i];
__asm
{
mov eax, cr0
push eax
and eax, 0xFFFEFFFF
mov cr0, eax
}
Iat[i] = (ULONG) DbgDispatchInterrupt;
__asm
{
pop eax
mov cr0, eax
}
KdPrint(("KiDispatchInterrupt hooked\n"));
return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
}
return Status;
}
typedef struct _KEXCEPTION_FRAME *PKEXCEPTION_FRAME;
BOOLEAN
DbgTrap (
IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame,
IN PKEXCEPTION_FRAME ExceptionFrame,
IN PEXCEPTION_RECORD ExceptionRecord,
IN PCONTEXT ContextRecord,
IN KPROCESSOR_MODE PreviousMode,
IN BOOLEAN SecondChance
);
PVOID *KiDebugRoutine;
BOOLEAN
(NTAPI * KdpTrapOrStub)(
IN PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame,
IN PKEXCEPTION_FRAME ExceptionFrame,
IN PEXCEPTION_RECORD ExceptionRecord,
IN PCONTEXT ContextRecord,
IN KPROCESSOR_MODE PreviousMode,
IN BOOLEAN SecondChance
);
extern ULONG MinorVersion;
BOOLEAN
DbgHookKiDebugRoutine(
)
/*++
Routine Description
This routine hooks KiDebugRoutine.
See DbgTrap for details
Arguments
None
Return Value
TRUE if hook was successful, FALSE otherwise
--*/
{
PVOID KdDisableDebugger = GetKernelAddress (L"KdDisableDebugger");
PVOID KdDebuggerEnabled = GetKernelAddress (L"KdDebuggerEnabled");
// On Windows XP KdDisableDebugger performs all work
PVOID KdDisableDebuggerWorker = KdDisableDebugger;
// KdDisableDebugger in XP ends with C3 (RETN)
UCHAR RetOpCode = 0xC3;
if (MinorVersion == 2)
{
// On Windows 2003 Server KdDisableDebugger simply calls
// KdDisableDebuggerWithLock
// On Windows XP KdDisableDebugger performs all work.
// So, on 2003 we should get address of KdDisableDebuggerWithLock;
KdPrint(("DBG: Making corrections for 2003 server\n"));
RetOpCode = 0xC2; // KdDisableDebuggerWithLock on 2003 ends with RETN 4
PVOID KdDisableDebuggerWithLock = NULL;
for (UCHAR *p = (UCHAR*)KdDisableDebugger;
*p != 0xC3; // retn
p += size_of_code (p))
{
if (p[0] == 0xE8) // CALL KdDisableDebuggerWithLock
{
// destination = address of call + offset
KdDisableDebuggerWithLock = (PUCHAR)&p[5] + *(ULONG*)&p[1];
KdPrint(("DBG: Found KdDisableDebuggerWithLock at %X\n", KdDisableDebuggerWithLock));
KdDisableDebuggerWorker = KdDisableDebuggerWithLock;
goto _search;
}
}
KdPrint(("DBG: Call KdDisableDebuggerWithLock NOT found!\n"));
return FALSE;
}
_search:
UCHAR *prev = NULL;
for (UCHAR *p = (UCHAR*)KdDisableDebuggerWorker;
*p != RetOpCode; // retn
p += size_of_code (p))
{
//
// Search for
//
// and byte ptr [KdDebuggerEnabled], 0 // win xp sp1 (mov KiDebugRoutine,XXX is the NEXT)
// or
// mov byte ptr [KdDebuggerEnabled], 0 // win xp sp2 (mov KiDebugRoutine,XXX is the PREVIOUS)
// or
// mov byte ptr [KdDebuggerEnabled], bl // win 2003 (mov KiDebugRoutine,XXX is the PREVIOUS)
//
if( p[0] == 0x80 &&
p[1] == 0x25 &&
*(PVOID*)&p[2] == KdDebuggerEnabled &&
p[6] == 0
)
{
// Windows XP SP1 instruction:
// and byte ptr [KdDebuggerEnabled], 0
prev = p + size_of_code (p); // mov KiDebugRoutine,XXX is the NEXT
goto _found;
}
if (
// Windows XP instruction (mov [], 0)
(MinorVersion == 1 &&
p[0] == 0xC6 &&
p[1] == 0x05 &&
*(PVOID*)&p[2] == KdDebuggerEnabled &&
p[6] == 0)
||
// For windows 2003 (mov [], bl)
(MinorVersion == 2 &&
p[0] == 0x88 &&
p[1] == 0x1d &&
*(PVOID*)&p[2] == KdDebuggerEnabled)
)
{
_found:
KdPrint(("DBG: Found MOV BYTE PTR [KdDebuggerEnabled],0 at %X\n", p));
KdPrint(("DBG: Previous instruction at %X\n", prev));
if (prev[0] == 0xC7 &&
prev[1] == 0x05)
{
KdPrint(("DBG: Previous is MOV DWORD PTR [mem32], imm32\n"));
KiDebugRoutine = *(PVOID**)&prev[2];
KdPrint(("DBG: KiDebugRoutine is %X\n", KiDebugRoutine));
*(PVOID*)&KdpTrapOrStub = *KiDebugRoutine;
*KiDebugRoutine = DbgTrap;
KdPrint(("DBG: KiDebugRoutine hooked, KdpTrapOrStub = %X\n", KdpTrapOrStub));
return TRUE;
}
}
// save pointer to previous instruction
prev = p;
}
KdPrint(("DBG: KiDebugRoutine NOT hooked!\n"));
return FALSE;
}
VOID
DbgUnhookKiDebugRoutine(
)
{
*KiDebugRoutine = KdpTrapOrStub;
}
PVOID KiTrap03;
BOOLEAN I3HereUser = TRUE;
BOOLEAN I3HereKernel = FALSE;
//
// Debugger engine
//
PVOID Kei386EoiHelper;
UCHAR KTHREAD_DebugActive = 0x2c;
// We don't use interrupt hooking now, but there is a code
// to do this.
#if 0
PKINTERRUPT DbIntObj;
//
// esp + 0x20 or &FirstArg + 0x1c
//
#define INT_TRAP_IN_STACK_OFFSET 0x1c
BOOLEAN
DbgIntBreak(
PKINTERRUPT InterruptObject,
PVOID Context
)
{
PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame = (PKTRAP_FRAME)((PUCHAR)&InterruptObject + INT_TRAP_IN_STACK_OFFSET);
KdPrint(("INT3! TrapFrame %X DbgArkMark %X current irql %X\n", TrapFrame, TrapFrame->DbgArgMark, KeGetCurrentIrql()));
DbgTrapBreakPoint (TrapFrame);
return FALSE;
}
//UCHAR DbVector = 3;
UCHAR DbVector = 0xF3;
#endif
#if 0
BOOLEAN
(*KeFreezeExecution) (
IN PVOID TrapFrame,
IN PVOID ExceptionFrame
);
VOID
(*KeThawExecution) (
IN BOOLEAN Enable
);
VOID
DbgFindFreezeThaw(
)
{
PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS NtHeaders = (PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS) RtlImageNtHeader (pNtBase);
PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER Sections = (PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER) NULL;
for (ULONG i=0; i<NtHeaders->FileHeader.NumberOfSections; i++)
{
}
}
#endif
VOID
DbgInitialize(
)
/*++
Routine Description
This is initialization routine for debugger engine.
This routine is called from DriverEntry
Arguments
None
Return Value
None, debugger engine cannot fail initialization
--*/
{
#if 0
KIRQL Irql;
KAFFINITY Affinity;
ULONG TempVector = HalGetInterruptVector (Internal, 0, 0, 0, &Irql, &Affinity);
KdPrint(("TempVector = %x, Irql = %x, Affinity = %x\n", TempVector, Irql, Affinity));
NTSTATUS Status = IoConnectInterrupt (
&DbIntObj,
DbgIntBreak,
NULL,
NULL,
TempVector,
Irql,
Irql,
Latched,
TRUE,
Affinity,
FALSE
);
KdPrint(("IoConnectInterrupt %x\n", Status));
if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status))
{
KdPrint(("Cannot connect interrupt\n"));
}
else
{
KdPrint(("Dispatch code %X\n", DbIntObj->DispatchCode));
if (DbVector == 0x03)
{
KiTrap03 = SetVector (0x03, &DbIntObj->DispatchCode, TRUE);
}
else
{
SetVector (DbVector, &DbIntObj->DispatchCode, TRUE);
}
}
#endif
Kei386EoiHelper = GetKernelAddress (L"Kei386EoiHelper");
if (!NT_SUCCESS(DbgHookHalImports()))
{
KdPrint(("Could not hook hal imports\n"));
ASSERT (FALSE);
}
if (!DbgHookKiDebugRoutine())
{
KdPrint(("Could not hook KiDebugRoutine\n"));
ASSERT (FALSE);
}
}
VOID
DbgCleanup(
)
/*++
Routine description
This function cleans up all hooks set by DbgInitialize()
It is called from DriverUnload
Arguments
None
Return Value
None
--*/
{
KdPrint(("DbgCleanup enter [irql %x]\n", KeGetCurrentIrql()));
if (KiDebugRoutine)
{
DbgUnhookKiDebugRoutine ();
}
else
{
KdPrint(("KiDebugRoutine was not hooked!\n"));
}
if (ppKiDispatchInterrupt)
{
DbgUnhookHalImports();
}
else
{
KdPrint(("Hal import was not hooked!\n"));
}
KdPrint(("DbgCleanup exit\n"));
#if 0
if (DbIntObj)
{
IoDisconnectInterrupt (DbIntObj);
if (DbVector != 0x03)
{
DelVector (DbVector);
}
else
{
SetVector (0x03, KiTrap03, FALSE);
}
}
else
{
KdPrint(("DbIntObj was not connected!\n"));
}
#endif
}
#if 0
VOID
TrapPossibleVdm(
PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame
)
{
KdPrint(("TRAP : possible VDM at KTRAP_FRAME %X\n", TrapFrame));
KeBugCheckEx (
NGDBG_INITIATED_CRASH,
NGDBG_TRAP_POSSIBLE_VDM,
(ULONG_PTR) TrapFrame,
0,
0
);
}
VOID
TrapMustBeRestored(
PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame
)
{
KdPrint(("TRAP : must be restored at KTRAP_FRAME %X\n", TrapFrame));
KeBugCheckEx (
NGDBG_INITIATED_CRASH,
NGDBG_TRAP_MUST_BE_RESTORED,
(ULONG_PTR) TrapFrame,
0,
0
);
}
#endif
#if 0
VOID
DbgTrapBreakPoint(
PKTRAP_FRAME TrapFrame
)
{
EXCEPTION_RECORD Record;
NTSTATUS Status;
KIRQL Irql;
KeRaiseIrql (HIGH_LEVEL, &Irql);
KdPrint(("Breakpoint trap at %x\n", TrapFrame->Eip));
// Increment EIP in stack so it will point to the next
// instruction after 0xCC
if (DbVector == 3)
{
TrapFrame->Eip ++;
}
Record.ExceptionCode = STATUS_BREAKPOINT;
Record.ExceptionAddress = (PVOID) TrapFrame->Eip;
Record.ExceptionFlags = 0;
Record.NumberParameters = 0;
Record.ExceptionInformation[0] = 0;
Status = DbgDispatchException (&Record);
if (Status == STATUS_SUCCESS)
{
//
// Return to DbgTrap03
//
return;
}
//
// Raise system exception
//
ExRaiseException (&Record);
}
#endif
VOID WR_ENTER_DEBUGGER(BOOLEAN UserInitiated, PDBG_CALLBACK Callback, PVOID Argument);
/*
VOID
DbgBreakPointCallback(
BOOLEAN In,
PVOID Argument,
BOOLEAN DispatchException
)
{
PEXCEPTION_DISPATCH Dispatch = (PEXCEPTION_DISPATCH) Argument;
PEXCEPTION_RECORD Record = Dispatch->Record;
if (!In)
{
// Successful dispatch, don't raise an exception
Dispatch->Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
return;
}
KdPrint(( __FUNCTION__ ": enter (Record %X CODE %X)\n", Record, Record->ExceptionCode));
GuiPrintf(" -> int3 embedded breakpoint at %x, breaking through..\n", Record->ExceptionAddress);
}
*/
PVOID DisasmAtAddress (PVOID Address, ULONG nCommands);
VOID
DbgAccessViolationCallback(
BOOLEAN In,
PVOID Argument,
BOOLEAN DispatchException
)
/*++
Routine Description
CALLBACK
This routine is called from WR_ENTER_DEBUGGER as callback
(see WR_ENTER_DEBUGGER for details)
Arguments
In
Specifies if callback is called before entering of after exit
Argument
Callback argument (pointer to EXCEPTION_DISPATCH)
DispatchException
If In==FALSE specifies whenever exception should be marked at dispatched
or not.
If In==TRUE, undefined
Return Value
None
Environment
Called from WR_ENTER_DEBUGGER at raised IRQL
--*/
{
PEXCEPTION_DISPATCH Dispatch = (PEXCEPTION_DISPATCH) Argument;
PEXCEPTION_RECORD Record = Dispatch->Record;
if (!In)
{
// Successful dispatch, don't raise an exception
if (DispatchException)
{
KdPrint(( __FUNCTION__ ": exit (exception dispatched)\n"));
Dispatch->Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
}
else
{
KdPrint(( __FUNCTION__ ": exit (exception NOT dispatched)\n"));
Dispatch->Status = STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
}
return;
}
KdPrint(( __FUNCTION__ ": enter (Record %X CODE %X)\n", Record, Record->ExceptionCode));
GuiPrintf(" -> access violation (%s chance) at %x, the memory %08X could not be %s ..\n",
Dispatch->SecondChance ? "second" : "first",
Record->ExceptionAddress,
Record->ExceptionInformation[1],
(Record->ExceptionInformation[0] == 1 ? "written" : "read")
);
DisasmAtAddress (Record->ExceptionAddress, 10);
}
NTSTATUS
DbgDispatchException(
PEXCEPTION_RECORD Record,
BOOLEAN SecondChance
)
/*++
Routine Description
This routine tries to dispatch an exception.
It calls WR_ENTER_DEBUGGER to wake up debugger
Arguments
Record
pointer to EXCEPTION_RECORD of the exception being dispatched
SecondChance
Specifies whenever exception is first or second chance
Return Value
NTSTATUS of dispatch
Environment
This routine is called from DbgTrap
--*/
{
EXCEPTION_DISPATCH Dispatch;
Dispatch.Record = Record;
Dispatch.SecondChance = SecondChance;
Dispatch.Status = STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
VOID
(*pExceptionCallback)(
BOOLEAN In,
PVOID Argument,
BOOLEAN DispatchException
) = NULL;
switch (Record->ExceptionCode)
{
// case STATUS_BREAKPOINT:
// pExceptionCallback = DbgBreakPointCallback;
// break;
case STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATION:
pExceptionCallback = DbgAccessViolationCallback;
break;
}
// set other exception callbacks for codes such as
// status_access_violation, etc.
if (pExceptionCallback)
{
WR_ENTER_DEBUGGER (FALSE, pExceptionCallback, &Dispatch);
}
return Dispatch.Status;
}