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Kconfig.debug
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
menu "Kernel hacking"
menu "printk and dmesg options"
config PRINTK_TIME
bool "Show timing information on printks"
depends on PRINTK
help
Selecting this option causes time stamps of the printk()
messages to be added to the output of the syslog() system
call and at the console.
choice
prompt "printk default clock timestamp" if PRINTK_TIME
default PRINTK_TIME_LOCAL if PRINTK_TIME
help
This option is selected by setting one of
PRINTK_TIME_[DISABLE|LOCAL|BOOT|MONO|REAL] and causes time stamps of
the printk() messages to be added to the output of the syslog()
system call and at the console.
The timestamp is always recorded internally, and exported
to /dev/kmsg. This flag just specifies if the timestamp should
be included, not that the timestamp is recorded.
The behavior is also controlled by the kernel command line
parameter printk.time. See
Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
config PRINTK_TIME_LOCAL
bool "Local Clock"
help
Selecting this option causes the time stamps of printk() to be
stamped with the unadjusted hardware clock.
config PRINTK_TIME_BOOT
bool "Boot Time Clock"
help
Selecting this option causes the time stamps of printk() to be
stamped with the adjusted boottime clock.
config PRINTK_TIME_MONO
bool "Monotonic Clock"
help
Selecting this option causes the time stamps of printk() to be
stamped with the adjusted monotonic clock.
config PRINTK_TIME_REAL
bool "Real Time Clock"
help
Selecting this option causes the time stamps of printk() to be
stamped with the adjusted realtime clock (UTC).
endchoice
config PRINTK_TIME_TYPE
int
depends on PRINTK
range 0 4
default 0 if !PRINTK_TIME
default 1 if PRINTK_TIME_LOCAL
default 2 if PRINTK_TIME_BOOT
default 3 if PRINTK_TIME_MONO
default 4 if PRINTK_TIME_REAL
config PRINTK_CALLER
bool "Show caller information on printks"
depends on PRINTK
help
Selecting this option causes printk() to add a caller "thread id" (if
in task context) or a caller "processor id" (if not in task context)
to every message.
This option is intended for environments where multiple threads
concurrently call printk() for many times, for it is difficult to
interpret without knowing where these lines (or sometimes individual
line which was divided into multiple lines due to race) came from.
Since toggling after boot makes the code racy, currently there is
no option to enable/disable at the kernel command line parameter or
sysfs interface.
config CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT
int "Default console loglevel (1-15)"
range 1 15
default "7"
help
Default loglevel to determine what will be printed on the console.
Setting a default here is equivalent to passing in loglevel=<x> in
the kernel bootargs. loglevel=<x> continues to override whatever
value is specified here as well.
Note: This does not affect the log level of un-prefixed printk()
usage in the kernel. That is controlled by the MESSAGE_LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT
option.
config CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_QUIET
int "quiet console loglevel (1-15)"
range 1 15
default "4"
help
loglevel to use when "quiet" is passed on the kernel commandline.
When "quiet" is passed on the kernel commandline this loglevel
will be used as the loglevel. IOW passing "quiet" will be the
equivalent of passing "loglevel=<CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_QUIET>"
config PRINTK_CPUID
bool "Show cpuid information on printks"
depends on PRINTK
help
Selecting this option causes cpuid of the printk()
messages to be added to the output of the syslog() system
call and at the console.
The behavior is also controlled by the kernel command line
parameter printk.cpuid=1. See Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
config MESSAGE_LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT
int "Default message log level (1-7)"
range 1 7
default "4"
help
Default log level for printk statements with no specified priority.
This was hard-coded to KERN_WARNING since at least 2.6.10 but folks
that are auditing their logs closely may want to set it to a lower
priority.
Note: This does not affect what message level gets printed on the console
by default. To change that, use loglevel=<x> in the kernel bootargs,
or pick a different CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT configuration value.
config BOOT_PRINTK_DELAY
bool "Delay each boot printk message by N milliseconds"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && PRINTK && GENERIC_CALIBRATE_DELAY
help
This build option allows you to read kernel boot messages
by inserting a short delay after each one. The delay is
specified in milliseconds on the kernel command line,
using "boot_delay=N".
It is likely that you would also need to use "lpj=M" to preset
the "loops per jiffie" value.
See a previous boot log for the "lpj" value to use for your
system, and then set "lpj=M" before setting "boot_delay=N".
NOTE: Using this option may adversely affect SMP systems.
I.e., processors other than the first one may not boot up.
BOOT_PRINTK_DELAY also may cause LOCKUP_DETECTOR to detect
what it believes to be lockup conditions.
config DYNAMIC_DEBUG
bool "Enable dynamic printk() support"
default n
depends on PRINTK
depends on (DEBUG_FS || PROC_FS)
select DYNAMIC_DEBUG_CORE
help
Compiles debug level messages into the kernel, which would not
otherwise be available at runtime. These messages can then be
enabled/disabled based on various levels of scope - per source file,
function, module, format string, and line number. This mechanism
implicitly compiles in all pr_debug() and dev_dbg() calls, which
enlarges the kernel text size by about 2%.
If a source file is compiled with DEBUG flag set, any
pr_debug() calls in it are enabled by default, but can be
disabled at runtime as below. Note that DEBUG flag is
turned on by many CONFIG_*DEBUG* options.
Usage:
Dynamic debugging is controlled via the 'dynamic_debug/control' file,
which is contained in the 'debugfs' filesystem or procfs.
Thus, the debugfs or procfs filesystem must first be mounted before
making use of this feature.
We refer the control file as: <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control. This
file contains a list of the debug statements that can be enabled. The
format for each line of the file is:
filename:lineno [module]function flags format
filename : source file of the debug statement
lineno : line number of the debug statement
module : module that contains the debug statement
function : function that contains the debug statement
flags : '=p' means the line is turned 'on' for printing
format : the format used for the debug statement
From a live system:
nullarbor:~ # cat <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
# filename:lineno [module]function flags format
fs/aio.c:222 [aio]__put_ioctx =_ "__put_ioctx:\040freeing\040%p\012"
fs/aio.c:248 [aio]ioctx_alloc =_ "ENOMEM:\040nr_events\040too\040high\012"
fs/aio.c:1770 [aio]sys_io_cancel =_ "calling\040cancel\012"
Example usage:
// enable the message at line 1603 of file svcsock.c
nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' >
<debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
// enable all the messages in file svcsock.c
nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c +p' >
<debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
// enable all the messages in the NFS server module
nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'module nfsd +p' >
<debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
// enable all 12 messages in the function svc_process()
nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process +p' >
<debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
// disable all 12 messages in the function svc_process()
nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process -p' >
<debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
See Documentation/admin-guide/dynamic-debug-howto.rst for additional
information.
config DYNAMIC_DEBUG_CORE
bool "Enable core function of dynamic debug support"
depends on PRINTK
depends on (DEBUG_FS || PROC_FS)
help
Enable core functional support of dynamic debug. It is useful
when you want to tie dynamic debug to your kernel modules with
DYNAMIC_DEBUG_MODULE defined for each of them, especially for
the case of embedded system where the kernel image size is
sensitive for people.
endmenu # "printk and dmesg options"
menu "Compile-time checks and compiler options"
config DEBUG_INFO
bool "Compile the kernel with debug info"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !COMPILE_TEST
help
If you say Y here the resulting kernel image will include
debugging info resulting in a larger kernel image.
This adds debug symbols to the kernel and modules (gcc -g), and
is needed if you intend to use kernel crashdump or binary object
tools like crash, kgdb, LKCD, gdb, etc on the kernel.
Say Y here only if you plan to debug the kernel.
If unsure, say N.
config DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED
bool "Reduce debugging information"
depends on DEBUG_INFO
help
If you say Y here gcc is instructed to generate less debugging
information for structure types. This means that tools that
need full debugging information (like kgdb or systemtap) won't
be happy. But if you merely need debugging information to
resolve line numbers there is no loss. Advantage is that
build directory object sizes shrink dramatically over a full
DEBUG_INFO build and compile times are reduced too.
Only works with newer gcc versions.
config DEBUG_INFO_SPLIT
bool "Produce split debuginfo in .dwo files"
depends on DEBUG_INFO
depends on $(cc-option,-gsplit-dwarf)
help
Generate debug info into separate .dwo files. This significantly
reduces the build directory size for builds with DEBUG_INFO,
because it stores the information only once on disk in .dwo
files instead of multiple times in object files and executables.
In addition the debug information is also compressed.
Requires recent gcc (4.7+) and recent gdb/binutils.
Any tool that packages or reads debug information would need
to know about the .dwo files and include them.
Incompatible with older versions of ccache.
config DEBUG_INFO_DWARF4
bool "Generate dwarf4 debuginfo"
depends on DEBUG_INFO
depends on $(cc-option,-gdwarf-4)
help
Generate dwarf4 debug info. This requires recent versions
of gcc and gdb. It makes the debug information larger.
But it significantly improves the success of resolving
variables in gdb on optimized code.
config DEBUG_INFO_BTF
bool "Generate BTF typeinfo"
depends on DEBUG_INFO
depends on !DEBUG_INFO_SPLIT && !DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED
depends on !GCC_PLUGIN_RANDSTRUCT || COMPILE_TEST
help
Generate deduplicated BTF type information from DWARF debug info.
Turning this on expects presence of pahole tool, which will convert
DWARF type info into equivalent deduplicated BTF type info.
config GDB_SCRIPTS
bool "Provide GDB scripts for kernel debugging"
depends on DEBUG_INFO
help
This creates the required links to GDB helper scripts in the
build directory. If you load vmlinux into gdb, the helper
scripts will be automatically imported by gdb as well, and
additional functions are available to analyze a Linux kernel
instance. See Documentation/dev-tools/gdb-kernel-debugging.rst
for further details.
config ENABLE_MUST_CHECK
bool "Enable __must_check logic"
default y
help
Enable the __must_check logic in the kernel build. Disable this to
suppress the "warning: ignoring return value of 'foo', declared with
attribute warn_unused_result" messages.
config FRAME_WARN
int "Warn for stack frames larger than (needs gcc 4.4)"
range 0 8192
default 2048 if GCC_PLUGIN_LATENT_ENTROPY
default 2048 if PARISC
default 1536 if (!64BIT && XTENSA)
default 1280 if KASAN && !64BIT
default 1024 if !64BIT
default 2048 if 64BIT
help
Tell gcc to warn at build time for stack frames larger than this.
Setting this too low will cause a lot of warnings.
Setting it to 0 disables the warning.
Requires gcc 4.4
config STRIP_ASM_SYMS
bool "Strip assembler-generated symbols during link"
default n
help
Strip internal assembler-generated symbols during a link (symbols
that look like '.Lxxx') so they don't pollute the output of
get_wchan() and suchlike.
config READABLE_ASM
bool "Generate readable assembler code"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
help
Disable some compiler optimizations that tend to generate human unreadable
assembler output. This may make the kernel slightly slower, but it helps
to keep kernel developers who have to stare a lot at assembler listings
sane.
config DEBUG_FS
bool "Debug Filesystem"
help
debugfs is a virtual file system that kernel developers use to put
debugging files into. Enable this option to be able to read and
write to these files.
For detailed documentation on the debugfs API, see
Documentation/filesystems/.
If unsure, say N.
config HEADERS_INSTALL
bool "Install uapi headers to usr/include"
depends on !UML
help
This option will install uapi headers (headers exported to user-space)
into the usr/include directory for use during the kernel build.
This is unneeded for building the kernel itself, but needed for some
user-space program samples. It is also needed by some features such
as uapi header sanity checks.
config OPTIMIZE_INLINING
def_bool y
help
This option determines if the kernel forces gcc to inline the functions
developers have marked 'inline'. Doing so takes away freedom from gcc to
do what it thinks is best, which is desirable for the gcc 3.x series of
compilers. The gcc 4.x series have a rewritten inlining algorithm and
enabling this option will generate a smaller kernel there. Hopefully
this algorithm is so good that allowing gcc 4.x and above to make the
decision will become the default in the future. Until then this option
is there to test gcc for this.
config DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH
bool "Enable full Section mismatch analysis"
help
The section mismatch analysis checks if there are illegal
references from one section to another section.
During linktime or runtime, some sections are dropped;
any use of code/data previously in these sections would
most likely result in an oops.
In the code, functions and variables are annotated with
__init,, etc. (see the full list in include/linux/init.h),
which results in the code/data being placed in specific sections.
The section mismatch analysis is always performed after a full
kernel build, and enabling this option causes the following
additional step to occur:
- Add the option -fno-inline-functions-called-once to gcc commands.
When inlining a function annotated with __init in a non-init
function, we would lose the section information and thus
the analysis would not catch the illegal reference.
This option tells gcc to inline less (but it does result in
a larger kernel).
config SECTION_MISMATCH_WARN_ONLY
bool "Make section mismatch errors non-fatal"
default y
help
If you say N here, the build process will fail if there are any
section mismatch, instead of just throwing warnings.
If unsure, say Y.
#
# Select this config option from the architecture Kconfig, if it
# is preferred to always offer frame pointers as a config
# option on the architecture (regardless of KERNEL_DEBUG):
#
config ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS
bool
config FRAME_POINTER
bool "Compile the kernel with frame pointers"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && (M68K || UML || SUPERH) || ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS
default y if (DEBUG_INFO && UML) || ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS
help
If you say Y here the resulting kernel image will be slightly
larger and slower, but it gives very useful debugging information
in case of kernel bugs. (precise oopses/stacktraces/warnings)
config STACK_VALIDATION
bool "Compile-time stack metadata validation"
depends on HAVE_STACK_VALIDATION
default n
help
Add compile-time checks to validate stack metadata, including frame
pointers (if CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER is enabled). This helps ensure
that runtime stack traces are more reliable.
This is also a prerequisite for generation of ORC unwind data, which
is needed for CONFIG_UNWINDER_ORC.
For more information, see
tools/objtool/Documentation/stack-validation.txt.
config DEBUG_FORCE_WEAK_PER_CPU
bool "Force weak per-cpu definitions"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
help
s390 and alpha require percpu variables in modules to be
defined weak to work around addressing range issue which
puts the following two restrictions on percpu variable
definitions.
1. percpu symbols must be unique whether static or not
2. percpu variables can't be defined inside a function
To ensure that generic code follows the above rules, this
option forces all percpu variables to be defined as weak.
endmenu # "Compiler options"
config MAGIC_SYSRQ
bool "Magic SysRq key"
depends on !UML
help
If you say Y here, you will have some control over the system even
if the system crashes for example during kernel debugging (e.g., you
will be able to flush the buffer cache to disk, reboot the system
immediately or dump some status information). This is accomplished
by pressing various keys while holding SysRq (Alt+PrintScreen). It
also works on a serial console (on PC hardware at least), if you
send a BREAK and then within 5 seconds a command keypress. The
keys are documented in <file:Documentation/admin-guide/sysrq.rst>.
Don't say Y unless you really know what this hack does.
config MAGIC_SYSRQ_DEFAULT_ENABLE
hex "Enable magic SysRq key functions by default"
depends on MAGIC_SYSRQ
default 0x1
help
Specifies which SysRq key functions are enabled by default.
This may be set to 1 or 0 to enable or disable them all, or
to a bitmask as described in Documentation/admin-guide/sysrq.rst.
config MAGIC_SYSRQ_SERIAL
bool "Enable magic SysRq key over serial"
depends on MAGIC_SYSRQ
default y
help
Many embedded boards have a disconnected TTL level serial which can
generate some garbage that can lead to spurious false sysrq detects.
This option allows you to decide whether you want to enable the
magic SysRq key.
config DEBUG_KERNEL
bool "Kernel debugging"
help
Say Y here if you are developing drivers or trying to debug and
identify kernel problems.
config DEBUG_MISC
bool "Miscellaneous debug code"
default DEBUG_KERNEL
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
help
Say Y here if you need to enable miscellaneous debug code that should
be under a more specific debug option but isn't.
menu "Memory Debugging"
source "mm/Kconfig.debug"
config DEBUG_OBJECTS
bool "Debug object operations"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
help
If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the
kernel to track the life time of various objects and validate
the operations on those objects.
config DEBUG_OBJECTS_SELFTEST
bool "Debug objects selftest"
depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
help
This enables the selftest of the object debug code.
config DEBUG_OBJECTS_FREE
bool "Debug objects in freed memory"
depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
help
This enables checks whether a k/v free operation frees an area
which contains an object which has not been deactivated
properly. This can make kmalloc/kfree-intensive workloads
much slower.
config DEBUG_OBJECTS_TIMERS
bool "Debug timer objects"
depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
help
If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the
timer routines to track the life time of timer objects and
validate the timer operations.
config DEBUG_OBJECTS_WORK
bool "Debug work objects"
depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
help
If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the
work queue routines to track the life time of work objects and
validate the work operations.
config DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
bool "Debug RCU callbacks objects"
depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
help
Enable this to turn on debugging of RCU list heads (call_rcu() usage).
config DEBUG_OBJECTS_PERCPU_COUNTER
bool "Debug percpu counter objects"
depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
help
If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the
percpu counter routines to track the life time of percpu counter
objects and validate the percpu counter operations.
config DEBUG_OBJECTS_ENABLE_DEFAULT
int "debug_objects bootup default value (0-1)"
range 0 1
default "1"
depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS
help
Debug objects boot parameter default value
config DEBUG_SLAB
bool "Debug slab memory allocations"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && SLAB
help
Say Y here to have the kernel do limited verification on memory
allocation as well as poisoning memory on free to catch use of freed
memory. This can make kmalloc/kfree-intensive workloads much slower.
config SLUB_DEBUG_ON
bool "SLUB debugging on by default"
depends on SLUB && SLUB_DEBUG
default n
help
Boot with debugging on by default. SLUB boots by default with
the runtime debug capabilities switched off. Enabling this is
equivalent to specifying the "slub_debug" parameter on boot.
There is no support for more fine grained debug control like
possible with slub_debug=xxx. SLUB debugging may be switched
off in a kernel built with CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG_ON by specifying
"slub_debug=-".
config SLUB_STATS
default n
bool "Enable SLUB performance statistics"
depends on SLUB && SYSFS
help
SLUB statistics are useful to debug SLUBs allocation behavior in
order find ways to optimize the allocator. This should never be
enabled for production use since keeping statistics slows down
the allocator by a few percentage points. The slabinfo command
supports the determination of the most active slabs to figure
out which slabs are relevant to a particular load.
Try running: slabinfo -DA
config HAVE_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
bool
config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
bool "Kernel memory leak detector"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && HAVE_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
select DEBUG_FS
select STACKTRACE if STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
select KALLSYMS
select CRC32
help
Say Y here if you want to enable the memory leak
detector. The memory allocation/freeing is traced in a way
similar to the Boehm's conservative garbage collector, the
difference being that the orphan objects are not freed but
only shown in /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak. Enabling this
feature will introduce an overhead to memory
allocations. See Documentation/dev-tools/kmemleak.rst for more
details.
Enabling DEBUG_SLAB or SLUB_DEBUG may increase the chances
of finding leaks due to the slab objects poisoning.
In order to access the kmemleak file, debugfs needs to be
mounted (usually at /sys/kernel/debug).
config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_MEM_POOL_SIZE
int "Kmemleak memory pool size"
depends on DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
range 200 1000000
default 16000
help
Kmemleak must track all the memory allocations to avoid
reporting false positives. Since memory may be allocated or
freed before kmemleak is fully initialised, use a static pool
of metadata objects to track such callbacks. After kmemleak is
fully initialised, this memory pool acts as an emergency one
if slab allocations fail.
config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_TEST
tristate "Simple test for the kernel memory leak detector"
depends on DEBUG_KMEMLEAK && m
help
This option enables a module that explicitly leaks memory.
If unsure, say N.
config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_DEFAULT_OFF
bool "Default kmemleak to off"
depends on DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
help
Say Y here to disable kmemleak by default. It can then be enabled
on the command line via kmemleak=on.
config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_AUTO_SCAN
bool "Enable kmemleak auto scan thread on boot up"
default y
depends on DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
help
Depending on the cpu, kmemleak scan may be cpu intensive and can
stall user tasks at times. This option enables/disables automatic
kmemleak scan at boot up.
Say N here to disable kmemleak auto scan thread to stop automatic
scanning. Disabling this option disables automatic reporting of
memory leaks.
If unsure, say Y.
config DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
bool "Stack utilization instrumentation"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !IA64
help
Enables the display of the minimum amount of free stack which each
task has ever had available in the sysrq-T and sysrq-P debug output.
This option will slow down process creation somewhat.
config DEBUG_VM
bool "Debug VM"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
help
Enable this to turn on extended checks in the virtual-memory system
that may impact performance.
If unsure, say N.
config DEBUG_VM_VMACACHE
bool "Debug VMA caching"
depends on DEBUG_VM
help
Enable this to turn on VMA caching debug information. Doing so
can cause significant overhead, so only enable it in non-production
environments.
If unsure, say N.
config DEBUG_VM_RB
bool "Debug VM red-black trees"
depends on DEBUG_VM
help
Enable VM red-black tree debugging information and extra validations.
If unsure, say N.
config DEBUG_VM_PGFLAGS
bool "Debug page-flags operations"
depends on DEBUG_VM
help
Enables extra validation on page flags operations.
If unsure, say N.
config ARCH_HAS_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
bool
config DEBUG_VIRTUAL
bool "Debug VM translations"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && ARCH_HAS_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
help
Enable some costly sanity checks in virtual to page code. This can
catch mistakes with virt_to_page() and friends.
If unsure, say N.
config DEBUG_NOMMU_REGIONS
bool "Debug the global anon/private NOMMU mapping region tree"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !MMU
help
This option causes the global tree of anonymous and private mapping
regions to be regularly checked for invalid topology.
config DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT
bool "Debug memory initialisation" if EXPERT
default !EXPERT
help
Enable this for additional checks during memory initialisation.
The sanity checks verify aspects of the VM such as the memory model
and other information provided by the architecture. Verbose
information will be printed at KERN_DEBUG loglevel depending
on the mminit_loglevel= command-line option.
If unsure, say Y
config MEMORY_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT
tristate "Memory hotplug notifier error injection module"
depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE && NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION
help
This option provides the ability to inject artificial errors to
memory hotplug notifier chain callbacks. It is controlled through
debugfs interface under /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory
If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events
notified, write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error".
Example: Inject memory hotplug offline error (-12 == -ENOMEM)
# cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory
# echo -12 > actions/MEM_GOING_OFFLINE/error
# echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/state
bash: echo: write error: Cannot allocate memory
To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will
be called memory-notifier-error-inject.
If unsure, say N.
config DEBUG_PER_CPU_MAPS
bool "Debug access to per_cpu maps"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
depends on SMP
help
Say Y to verify that the per_cpu map being accessed has
been set up. This adds a fair amount of code to kernel memory
and decreases performance.
Say N if unsure.
config DEBUG_HIGHMEM
bool "Highmem debugging"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && HIGHMEM
help
This option enables additional error checking for high memory
systems. Disable for production systems.
config HAVE_DEBUG_STACKOVERFLOW
bool
config DEBUG_STACKOVERFLOW
bool "Check for stack overflows"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && HAVE_DEBUG_STACKOVERFLOW
---help---
Say Y here if you want to check for overflows of kernel, IRQ
and exception stacks (if your architecture uses them). This
option will show detailed messages if free stack space drops
below a certain limit.
These kinds of bugs usually occur when call-chains in the
kernel get too deep, especially when interrupts are
involved.
Use this in cases where you see apparently random memory
corruption, especially if it appears in 'struct thread_info'
If in doubt, say "N".
source "lib/Kconfig.kasan"
source "lib/Kconfig.kfence"
endmenu # "Memory Debugging"
config ARCH_HAS_KCOV
bool
help
An architecture should select this when it can successfully
build and run with CONFIG_KCOV. This typically requires
disabling instrumentation for some early boot code.
config CC_HAS_SANCOV_TRACE_PC
def_bool $(cc-option,-fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc)
config KCOV
bool "Code coverage for fuzzing"
depends on ARCH_HAS_KCOV
depends on CC_HAS_SANCOV_TRACE_PC || GCC_PLUGINS
select DEBUG_FS
select GCC_PLUGIN_SANCOV if !CC_HAS_SANCOV_TRACE_PC
help
KCOV exposes kernel code coverage information in a form suitable
for coverage-guided fuzzing (randomized testing).
If RANDOMIZE_BASE is enabled, PC values will not be stable across
different machines and across reboots. If you need stable PC values,
disable RANDOMIZE_BASE.
For more details, see Documentation/dev-tools/kcov.rst.
config KCOV_ENABLE_COMPARISONS
bool "Enable comparison operands collection by KCOV"
depends on KCOV
depends on $(cc-option,-fsanitize-coverage=trace-cmp)
help
KCOV also exposes operands of every comparison in the instrumented
code along with operand sizes and PCs of the comparison instructions.
These operands can be used by fuzzing engines to improve the quality
of fuzzing coverage.
config KCOV_INSTRUMENT_ALL
bool "Instrument all code by default"
depends on KCOV
default y
help
If you are doing generic system call fuzzing (like e.g. syzkaller),
then you will want to instrument the whole kernel and you should
say y here. If you are doing more targeted fuzzing (like e.g.
filesystem fuzzing with AFL) then you will want to enable coverage
for more specific subsets of files, and should say n here.
config DEBUG_SHIRQ
bool "Debug shared IRQ handlers"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
help
Enable this to generate a spurious interrupt as soon as a shared
interrupt handler is registered, and just before one is deregistered.
Drivers ought to be able to handle interrupts coming in at those
points; some don't and need to be caught.
menu "Debug Lockups and Hangs"
config LOCKUP_DETECTOR
bool
config SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR
bool "Detect Soft Lockups"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !S390
select LOCKUP_DETECTOR
help
Say Y here to enable the kernel to act as a watchdog to detect
soft lockups.
Softlockups are bugs that cause the kernel to loop in kernel
mode for more than 20 seconds, without giving other tasks a
chance to run. The current stack trace is displayed upon
detection and the system will stay locked up.
config BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC
bool "Panic (Reboot) On Soft Lockups"
depends on SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR
help
Say Y here to enable the kernel to panic on "soft lockups",
which are bugs that cause the kernel to loop in kernel
mode for more than 20 seconds (configurable using the watchdog_thresh
sysctl), without giving other tasks a chance to run.
The panic can be used in combination with panic_timeout,
to cause the system to reboot automatically after a
lockup has been detected. This feature is useful for
high-availability systems that have uptime guarantees and
where a lockup must be resolved ASAP.
Say N if unsure.
config BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC_VALUE
int
depends on SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR
range 0 1
default 0 if !BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC
default 1 if BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC
config HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF
bool
select SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR
#
# Enables a timestamp based low pass filter to compensate for perf based
# hard lockup detection which runs too fast due to turbo modes.
#
config HARDLOCKUP_CHECK_TIMESTAMP
bool
#
# arch/ can define HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH to provide their own hard
# lockup detector rather than the perf based detector.
#
config HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR
bool "Detect Hard Lockups"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !S390
depends on HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF || HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH
select LOCKUP_DETECTOR
select HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF if HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF
help
Say Y here to enable the kernel to act as a watchdog to detect
hard lockups.
Hardlockups are bugs that cause the CPU to loop in kernel mode
for more than 10 seconds, without letting other interrupts have a
chance to run. The current stack trace is displayed upon detection
and the system will stay locked up.
config BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC
bool "Panic (Reboot) On Hard Lockups"
depends on HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR
help
Say Y here to enable the kernel to panic on "hard lockups",
which are bugs that cause the kernel to loop in kernel
mode with interrupts disabled for more than 10 seconds (configurable
using the watchdog_thresh sysctl).
Say N if unsure.
config BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC_VALUE
int
depends on HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR
range 0 1
default 0 if !BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC
default 1 if BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC
config DETECT_HUNG_TASK
bool "Detect Hung Tasks"
depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
default SOFTLOCKUP_DETECTOR
help
Say Y here to enable the kernel to detect "hung tasks",
which are bugs that cause the task to be stuck in
uninterruptible "D" state indefinitely.
When a hung task is detected, the kernel will print the
current stack trace (which you should report), but the
task will stay in uninterruptible state. If lockdep is
enabled then all held locks will also be reported. This
feature has negligible overhead.
config DEFAULT_HUNG_TASK_TIMEOUT
int "Default timeout for hung task detection (in seconds)"
depends on DETECT_HUNG_TASK
default 120
help
This option controls the default timeout (in seconds) used
to determine when a task has become non-responsive and should
be considered hung.
It can be adjusted at runtime via the kernel.hung_task_timeout_secs
sysctl or by writing a value to
/proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs.
A timeout of 0 disables the check. The default is two minutes.
Keeping the default should be fine in most cases.