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Some progress on chapters 16 and 17
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kangzhe-xyz committed Oct 12, 2018
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7 changes: 6 additions & 1 deletion .texpadtmp/main.aux
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Output written on /Users/kz3067/Documents/SST2018/physicsnotes/.texpadtmp/main.pdf (16 pages).
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7 changes: 6 additions & 1 deletion .texpadtmp/main.toc
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\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {15.3}Applications of Sound}{15}{subsection.15.3}
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80 changes: 79 additions & 1 deletion content/chapter16.tex
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\begin{preamb}
Static electricity is the study of charges at rest. In this chapter we will explore that very concept.
\end{preamb}


\pdef{Charge}{Charge is measured in coulombs [\si{\coulomb}]. There are positive and negative charges.}
Like charges repel, unlike charges attract.
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw [line width=0.5mm, ->] (-2,0) -- (-3,0);
\draw [line width=0.5mm, ->] (2,0) -- (3,0);
\filldraw [fill=white] (-2,0) circle (0.25) node {\(+\)};
\filldraw [fill=white] (2,0) circle (0.25) node {\(+\)};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw [line width=0.5mm, ->] (-2,0) -- (-3,0);
\draw [line width=0.5mm, ->] (2,0) -- (3,0);
\filldraw [fill=white] (-2,0) circle (0.25) node {\(-\)};
\filldraw [fill=white] (2,0) circle (0.25) node {\(-\)};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw [line width=0.5mm, ->] (-2,0) -- (-1,0);
\draw [line width=0.5mm, ->] (2,0) -- (1,0);
\filldraw [fill=white] (-2,0) circle (0.25) node {\(+\)};
\filldraw [fill=white] (2,0) circle (0.25) node {\(-\)};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

\subsection{Electric Fields}

\pdef{Electric Field}{An electric field is a region of space whereby a charge experiences an electric force.}

\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\foreach \x in {1,...,9}
\node [color=blue, anchor=south] at (0.5*\x,2) {\(-\)};
\foreach \x in {1,...,9}
\node [color=red, anchor=north] at (0.5*\x,0) {\(+\)};
\node at (5,1) {\(\vec{\mathbf{E}}\)};
\draw (0,0) -- (5,0);
\draw (0,2) -- (5,2);
\foreach \x in {1,...,9}
\draw [->] (0.5*\x,0) -- (0.5*\x,2);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

\subsubsection{Isolated Charges}
Field lines are the path a test charge would take within that electric field. The tighter the field lines are, the stronger the electric field at that area, which means that the test charge would experience a stronger force.
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\foreach \x in {0,...,7}
\draw [->] (0,0) -- (45*\x:1);
\filldraw [fill=white] (0,0) circle (0.25) node {\(+\)};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
Field lines extend out from positive charges.
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\foreach \x in {0,...,7}
\draw [<-] (45*\x:0.25) -- (45*\x:1);
\filldraw [fill=white] (0,0) circle (0.25) node {\(-\)};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
Field lines go in to negative charges.

If a charge is stronger, it gets more field lines (e.g. this one has twice the charge as the one above, so it should get more)
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\foreach \x in {0,...,15}
\draw [->] (0,0) -- (22.5*\x:1);
\filldraw [fill=white] (0,0) circle (0.25) node {\(+\)};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

\subsubsection{Attraction}

\subsubsection{Repulsion}

\subsection{Charging}
\end{document}
62 changes: 61 additions & 1 deletion content/chapter17.tex
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\section{Current of Electricity}
\begin{preamb}
Current is the rate of flow of charge. When charges move there is current and hence we name this current electricity. In this chapter we will explore the fundamentals that govern current electricity.
\end{preamb}
\end{preamb}

\pdef{Current}{Current is the rate of flow of charge. \[I = \frac{Q}{t}\] The SI unit of current is ampere [\si{\ampere}].}

Conventional current is where current flows from a higher voltage to a lower voltage.
\begin{center}
\begin{circuitikz}
\draw (2,2) to[battery1, i^>=\(I\)] (4,2) -- (6,2) -- (6,0) -- (4,0) to[european resistor, i=\(I\)] (2,0) -- (0,0) -- (0,2) -- (2,2);
\end{circuitikz}
\end{center}

Electron flow is the opposite of that.
\begin{center}
\begin{circuitikz}
\draw (2,2) to[battery1, i<=\(e^-\)] (4,2) -- (6,2) -- (6,0) -- (4,0) to[european resistor, i<=\(e^-\)] (2,0) -- (0,0) -- (0,2) -- (2,2);
\end{circuitikz}
\end{center}

\pdef{Electromotive Force}{Electromotive force (e.m.f.) is the work done by a source in driving unit charge around a complete circuit. \[E = \frac{W}{Q}\] The SI unit of electromotive force is volt [\si{\volt}].}

\peqn{Electromotive Forces in Series}{If multiple electromotive force sources are arranged in series
\begin{center}
\begin{circuitikz}
\draw (0,0) to[battery1, v=\(E_1\)] (1,0) to[battery1, v=\(E_2\)] (2,0) to[open] (3,0) to[battery1, v=\(E_n\)] (4,0);
\draw [dashed] (2,0) -- (3,0);
\end{circuitikz}
\end{center}
then the net electromotive force is}{E_\mathrm{net} = E_1 + E_2 + \cdots + E_n}


\pdef{Potential Difference}{The potential difference (p.d.) (or voltage) across a component in a circuit as the work done to drive unit charge through the component. \[V = \frac{W}{Q}\] The SI unit of potential difference is volt [\si{\volt}].}

\pdef{Resistance}{The resistance of a component is the ratio of the potential difference across it to the current flowing through it. \[R = \frac{V}{I}\] The SI unit of resistance is ohm [\si{\ohm}].}

\peqn{Resistance in Series}{If multiple resistors are arranged in series
\begin{center}
\begin{circuitikz}
\draw (0,0) to[european resistor, l=\(R_1\)] (2,0) to[european resistor, l=\(R_2\)] (4,0) to[open] (5,0) to[european resistor, l=\(R_n\)] (7,0);
\draw [dashed] (4,0) -- (5,0);
\end{circuitikz}
\end{center}
then the net resistance is}{R_\mathrm{net} = R_1 + R_2 + \cdots R_n}

\peqn{Resistance in Parallel}{If multiple resistors are arranged in parallel
\begin{center}
\begin{circuitikz}
\draw (0,0) to[european resistor, l=\(R_1\)] (2,0) -- (2,-1);
\draw (0,0) -- (0,-1) to[european resistor, l=\(R_2\)] (2,-1) -- (3,-1);
\draw (-1,-1) -- (0,-1) -- (0,-1.25);
\draw (0,-1.75) -- (0,-2);
\draw [dashed] (0,-1.25) -- (0,-1.75);
\draw (2,-1) -- (2,-1.25);
\draw (2,-1.75) -- (2,-2);
\draw [dashed] (2,-1.25) -- (2,-1.75);
\draw (0,-2) to[european resistor, l=\(R_n\)] (2,-2);
\end{circuitikz}
\end{center}
then the effective resistance is}{R_\mathrm{net} = \left(R_1^{-1} + R_2^{-1} + \cdots + R_n^{-1}\right)^{-1}}

\pdef{Ohm's Law}{Ohm's Law states that the current passing through a metallic conductor is directly proportional lo the potential difference across it, provided that physical conditions (such as temperature) remain constant. \[ V = IR\]}

\end{document}
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions main.tex
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\end{multicols}

\newpage
\begin{multicols}{2}
\begin{multicols*}{2}
\part{Measurement}
\subfile{content/chapter01}

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -129,6 +129,6 @@ \part{Electricity and Magnetism}
\subfile{content/chapter16}
\subfile{content/chapter17}
\subfile{content/chapter18}
\end{multicols}
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}

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