chore: Update to Go 1.23

[karlkfi]

No description provided.

[code-review-assist]

Hi team,

I'm currently reviewing this pull request and will post my full review in a few minutes. In the meantime, here's a quick summary to get everyone up to speed:

This pull request updates the project to use Go 1.23.

Summary of Changes:

• The Makefile has been updated to use the google-go.pkg.dev/golang:1.23.4 image for building the project.
• The go.mod file in the root directory has been updated to specify go 1.23.
• The go.mod file in the test/docker/presync-webhook-server directory has also been updated to specify go 1.23.

Intent:

The intent is to upgrade the project's Go version to leverage the latest features, bug fixes, and performance improvements in Go 1.23. This is a standard maintenance task to keep the project current and secure.

Here's a little haiku to lighten the mood:

Go version ascends,
New features, bugs now fixed,
Code shines brighter.

Let me know if you have any questions. Thanks!

-Gemini

[code-review-assist]

This pull request updates the Go version used in the project to 1.23.4. Updating dependencies is good practice. The changes look correct, modifying the Go version in Makefile, go.mod, and test/docker/presync-webhook-server/go.mod. However, consistency in the go.mod files is recommended.

Ensure thorough testing after this update to verify compatibility and address potential issues introduced by the new Go version. Document the testing performed in the pull request description or commit message.

If applicable, update the project's README to reflect the supported Go version.

[karlkfi]

The patch version isn't important as a package requirement. It's only required in the makefile because it's used to specify the container base image, which doesn't publish a mutable 1.23 tag, for security reasons.

[karlkfi]

Not sure why TestSurfaceFightError is failing repeatedly...

https://oss.gprow.dev/view/gs/oss-prow-build-kpt-config-sync/pr-logs/pull/GoogleContainerTools_kpt-config-sync/1518/kpt-config-sync-presubmit-e2e-multi-repo-test-group1/1869896829970157568

    remediator_test.go:56: 2024-12-20 00:15:53.80075102 +0000 UTC The RootSync reports a fight error
    remediator_test.go:57: 2024-12-20 00:21:53.93321748 +0000 UTC failed after 6m0s to wait for RootSync root-sync rendering error code 2005
    remediator_test.go:57: 2024-12-20 00:21:53.93329945 +0000 UTC ERROR: no errors present

[sdowell]

/lgtm

[sdowell]

/retest

[sdowell]

/lgtm

[google-oss-prow]

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