Allow for running sample mode with build command

[QMalcolm]

Resolves #11298

Problem

Sample mode could only be run with run command, we want to also use it with build command

Solution

Allow for specification of --sample=SAMPLE_SPEC on build command

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me.
• I have run this code in development, and it appears to resolve the stated issue.
• This PR includes tests, or tests are not required or relevant for this PR.
• This PR has no interface changes (e.g., macros, CLI, logs, JSON artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc.) or this PR has already received feedback and approval from Product or DX.
• This PR includes type annotations for new and modified functions.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 88.89%. Comparing base (7041e58) to head (365ab8b).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #11307      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   88.95%   88.89%   -0.07%     
==========================================
  Files         189      189              
  Lines       24169    24170       +1     
==========================================
- Hits        21500    21486      -14     
- Misses       2669     2684      +15     

Flag	Coverage Δ
integration	86.15% <100.00%> (-0.13%)	⬇️
unit	62.53% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Components	Coverage Δ
Unit Tests	62.53% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
Integration Tests	86.15% <100.00%> (-0.13%)	⬇️

[aranke]

Can you add a test for a node that cannot be sampled? E.g. exposures

[QMalcolm]

Can you add a test for a node that cannot be sampled? E.g. exposures

@aranke Hmmm I'm not sure I agree.

In the specific context of exposures, there isn't a way I'm aware of to test this. Exposures are leaf nodes and thus can't be ref'd, which doesn't seem in the purview of this work. There is an argument of, we should test whether the depends_on ref's and source's should be tested for exposures. However, exposures are no-op's, and so I'm not aware of a way to test them.

There is an argument for the general "test for a node that cannot be sampled". However, I don't think it is actually time for that yet. Sample mode is still in alpha/beta, and using it is gated behind an environment variable. Our general goal for GA is that for anything that render's ref() and source() into select SQL statements, those ref/source statements should be sampleable. As we add specific support for different node types being ref'd, we add positive tests to assert that they are supported. If we end up specifically not supporting sampling of refs of certain node types, we should add tests for that. We have not identified anything that fits that yet though. If we do identify anything like that, it'll likely be tied to #11228, and thus it feels out of scope of this PR.

[aranke]

Clarified with @QMalcolm offline, this only affects nodes that can be called via ref or source.