fix(types): avoid merging component instance into $props in ComponentInstance

[jh-leong]

close #12751

Previously, ComponentInstance incorrectly merged the component instance into $props, causing $props to contain an extra $xxx field.

This fix ensures that when defineComponent() is used, ComponentInstance directly resolves to the correct instance type instead of wrapping it in ComponentPublicInstance.

[github-actions]

Size Report

Bundles

File	Size	Gzip	Brotli
runtime-dom.global.prod.js	100 kB	38.1 kB	34.3 kB
vue.global.prod.js	158 kB	58 kB	51.6 kB

Usages

Name	Size	Gzip	Brotli
createApp (CAPI only)	46.5 kB	18.2 kB	16.7 kB
createApp	54.6 kB	21.3 kB	19.4 kB
createSSRApp	58.8 kB	23 kB	21 kB
defineCustomElement	59.4 kB	22.9 kB	20.8 kB
overall	68.6 kB	26.4 kB	24 kB

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commit: 1605a8c

[jh-leong]

/ecosystem-ci run

[vue-bot]

📝 Ran ecosystem CI: Open

suite	result	latest scheduled
language-tools	✅ success	✅ success
nuxt	✅ success	✅ success
pinia	✅ success	✅ success
primevue	✅ success	✅ success
quasar	✅ success	✅ success
radix-vue	✅ success	✅ success
router	✅ success	✅ success
test-utils	✅ success	✅ success
vant	✅ success	✅ success
vite-plugin-vue	✅ success	✅ success
vitepress	✅ success	✅ success
vue-i18n	✅ success	✅ success
vue-macros	✅ success	✅ success
vuetify	✅ success	✅ success
vueuse	✅ success	✅ success
vue-simple-compiler	✅ success	✅ success